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Self-Efficacy in Addressing Menstrual Needs Scale (SAMNS-26)

Self-Efficacy in Addressing Menstrual Needs Scale (SAMNS-26) is a 26-item measure of adolescent girls' menstrual experiences, specifically in her confidence in her capabilities to address her menstrual needs. The items are divided into 3 subscales: Menstrual Hygiene Preparation and Maintenance, Menstrual Pain Management and Executing Stigmatized Tasks.

Categories

Geographies Tested: Bangladesh

Populations Included: Female

Age Range: Adolescents

Items:

1. Imagine you are at a relative's home and it becomes necessary to change the menstrual material you're wearing (such as: pad, cloth, tissue, cotton, etc.). How confident are you that you can change it there?
2. How confident are you that you can change your menstrual material (such as: pad, cloth tissue, cotton, etc.) at school if it becomes necessary (without leaving school)?
3. How confident are you that you can change your menstrual material (such as: pad, cloth, tissue, cotton, etc.) if it becomes necessary while you're at a female friend's house (without returning to your own home)?
4. How confident are you that you can properly use a menstrual material (such as: pad, cotton, tissue, cotton, etc.) so that menstrual blood does not stain your clothing while participating in school sports?
5. How confident are you that you can participate in your normal daily activities during your period without worry that your menstrual material (such as: pad, cloth, tissue, cotton, etc.) will become displaced?
6. How confident are you that you can walk quickly during your period without your menstrual material (such as: pad, cloth, tissue, cotton, etc.) becoming displaced?
7. If the menstrual material that you use most often is not available, how confident are you that you can use another type of menstrual material (such as: pad, cloth, tissue, cotton, etc.) instead?
8. How confident are you that you can lie down during your period without bloodstaining the bed sheet during the night?
9. How confident are you that you are able to try to reduce abdominal pain during your period if it becomes necessary?
10. How confident are you that you can reduce abdominal pain during your period?
11. How confident are you that you can dispose of used menstrual material (such as: pad, cloth, tissue, cotton, etc.) if a male person is nearby?
12. Take for instance that you are at school and your period starts but you have not brought your own menstrual material (such as: pad, cloth, tissue, cotton, etc.). How confident are you that you are able to obtain a menstrual material somehow in that moment to meet your need while still at school?
13. How confident are you that, if necessary, you're able to ask a female friend for a menstrual material (such as: pad, cloth, tissue, cotton, etc.)?
14. How confident are you that you can take help from a female teacher if you face a menstrual-related problem at school?
15. How confident are you that you can ask aya for help regarding your menstruation if a male teach is nearby?
16. Imagine pads are available at school. How confident are you that you can go ask for a pad by yourself when you need it, without the help of friends?
17. Imagine you have the money to purchase a pad. How confident are you that you can ask a male seller at a pharmacy for a pad?
18. Imagine you have the money to purchase a pad. How confident are you that you can ask a pharmacy seller for a pad when there are male persons around?
19. How confident are you that you can roughly predict when your period is about to start?
20. How confident are you that you are able to prevent bloodstaining your clothing even while traveling a long distance during you period?
21. How confident are you that if Sir/Madam asks a question in class, you can stand up to answer during your period without worry that you have bloodstained your clothing?
22. How confident are you that when you need menstrual materials (such as: pad, cloth, tissue, cotton, etc.) you can obtain them even if a trusted female (such as: mother, sister, sister-in-law, etc.) is not available at home?
23. How confident are you that you can count/keep track of your period days?
24. How confident are you that you can usually reduce your abdominal pain by a small amount?
25. How confident are you that you can usually reduce most of your abdominal pain?
26. How confident are you that you can usually reduce your abdominal pain completely?

Response Options:
100-point scale
No, I absolutely cannot do it - 0
Yes, I am absolutely sure I can definitely do it - 100

Scoring Procedures

Items are divided into the following subscales:
Menstrual Hygiene Preparation and Maintenance Sub-Scale (MHPM): 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 16, 19, 21, 22, 23
Menstrual Pain Management Sub-Scale (MPM): 9, 10, 24, 25, 26
Executing Stigmatized Tasks Sub-Scale (EST): 11, 15, 17, 18
The mean score of all items in each subscale is computed.

Original Citation

Hunter, E. C., Murray, S. M., Sultana, F., Alam, M. U., Sarker, S., Rahman, M., Akter, N., Mobashara, M., Momata, M., & Winch, P. J. (2022). Development and validation of the Self-Efficacy in Addressing Menstrual Needs Scale (SAMNS-26) in Bangladeshi schools: A measure of girls' menstrual care confidence. PLoS One, 17(10), e0275736. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275736


Psychometric Score

Ease of Use Score

Scoring breakdown

Formative Research

Qualitative Research

Existing Literature/Theoretical Framework

Field Expert Input

Cognitive Interviews / Pilot Testing

Reliability

Internal

Test-retest

Interrater

Validity

Content

Face

Criterion (gold-standard)

Construct

KEY

Ease of Use

Readability

Scoring Clarity

Length

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