Modern Sexism is an 8-item measure of the denial of continued discrimination against women, antagonism toward women's demands, and lack of support for policies designed to help women.
Denial of continuing discrimination
1. Discrimination against women is no longer a problem in the
United States.*
2. Women often miss out on good jobs due to sexual discrimination.
3. It is rare to see women treated in a sexist manner on television.*
4. On average, people in our society treat husbands and wives
equally.*
5. Society has reached the point where women and men have equal opportunities for achievement.*
Antagonism toward women's demands
6. It is easy to understand the anger of women's groups in America.
7. It is easy to understand why women's groups are still concerned
about societal limitations of women's opportunities.
Resentment about special favors for women
8. Over the past few years, the government and news media have been
showing more concern about the treatment of women than is
warranted by women's actual experiences.*
*Items are reverse scored
Response Options:
7-point Likert scale
Strongly agree - 1
Strongly disagree - 7
GEOGRAPHIES TESTED:
POPULATIONS INCLUDED:
Female
Male
AGE RANGE:
Adolescents
Adults
The item scores are averaged.
PRIMARY CITATION:
Swim, J. K., Aikin, K. J., Hall, W. S., & Hunter, B. A. (1995). Sexism and racism: Old-fashioned and modern prejudices. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(2), 199-214. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.68.2.199
Qualitative Research
Existing Literature/Theoretical Framework
Field Expert Input
Cognitive Interviews / Pilot Testing
Internal
Test-retest
Interrater
Content
Face
Criterion (gold-standard)
Construct
Total Score: 4.00/8 Points (MEDIUM)
For more details, see Scoring Methodology