Participation in Collective Action to address Violence Against Women is a 27-item scale measuring participation in collective action to address violence against women. It measures three proposed constructs of participation - perceived legitimacy, perceived efficacy, and collective action norms.
Geographies Tested: India
Populations Included: Female, Male, Transgender
Age Range: Adults
Perceived Legitimacy
Concern about violence against women
1. Violence against women is common in your community
Response Options:
Generally agree
Generally disagree
Don't know
2. Violence against women is a serious issue for your community
Response Options:
Yes
No
Don't know
3. How often are women and girls harassed by men in your community
Response Options:
Everyday
Sometimes
Rarely
Never
Acceptability of male power and control
4. It is important for a man to show his wife who is the boss
5. It's a wife's obligation to have sex with her husband even if she doesn't feel like it
6. Men should take control in relationships and be the head of the household
7. It's good for a woman to be a little afraid of her partner
Acceptability of intervening in violence
8. If a husband mistreats his wife, others outside the family should intervene
9. Family problems should only be discussed with people in the family
10. Domestic violence is a private matter to be handled in the family
11. Violence against women is a private matter between those directly affected
Response Options:
Generally agree
Generally disagree
Don't know
Perceived Efficacy
Perceived efficacy to achieve outcomes
12. In your neighborhood, you can stop domestic violence
13. By working together, you can persuade the police to take action against domestic violence.
14. Together, you can persuade families to support women facing domestic violence.
Response Options:
Generally agree
Generally disagree
Don't know
Perceived efficacy of interventions
Do you think the following activities are effective in stopping violence against women…
15. Group meetings and discussions
16. Marches, rallies or street theatre
17. Sit-ins, blockages or strikes
Response Options:
Generally effective
Generally ineffective
Don't know
Perceived personal efficacy
18. A group of men would listen to you if you confronted them about their sexist behaviour
19. You can help prevent violence against women in your community
20. You feel that your personal efforts can make a difference in reducing violence against women
Response Options:
Generally agree
Generally disagree
Don't know
Collective Action Norms
Perceived community norms
21. People in your neighbourhood approve of you joining activities to stop violence against women
22. People in your neighbourhood would mock you for joining activities to stop violence against women
23. You would be embarrassed to say in public that you work to prevent violence against women
Perceived family norms
24. Your family members approve of you joining activities to stop violence against women
25. Your family members consider activities to stop violence against women opposed to their own values
26. Your family members consider spending one hour a week to stop violence against women a waste of your time
27. Your family members consider activities to stop violence against women prestigious work
Response Options:
Generally agree
Generally disagree
Don't know
Not Available
Gram, L., Kanougiya, S., Daruwalla, N., & Osrin, D. (2020). Measuring the psychological drivers of participation in collective action to address violence against women in Mumbai, India. Wellcome Open Research, 5, 22. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15707.2
Psychometric Score
Ease of Use Score
Qualitative Research
Existing Literature/Theoretical Framework
Field Expert Input
Cognitive Interviews / Pilot Testing
Internal
Test-retest
Interrater
Content
Face
Criterion (gold-standard)
Construct
Readability
Scoring Clarity
Length
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